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写作训练 Writing Training
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1999年试题 2000年最新试题 范文一
范文五 范文六 范文七
范文八 范文九
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stage3 角色卡 stage4 未来打算 stage5 道别
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写作格式：
第一篇作文是一封信，可能是抱怨信，询问信，道歉信或致谢信。格式上没什么可说，相信大家都知道怎么个格式。第一段要开门见山，写清主要目的和关键信息。第二段详述事件过程及要求。第三段以客套方式结尾。措词要准确，搞清自己与对方的关系，该委婉时就要委婉，该直陈胸臆就无须客套。要熟悉一些老外常用句型（见下一节），了解他们思维方式。
第二篇是议论文，权重比第一篇大得多。选材多与教育，科技，家庭，妇女地位，道德伦理相关。近年的热点是计算机和妇女地位问题。写作关键是观点鲜明，可正可反亦可辩证统一，观点本身对错无关紧要，要有理有据，论述层次分明。我最善长的写法是：首段略语引出论题，然后直陈观点。次段展开论证，用排比句罗列事实，递进说明或正反辩证。末段总结观点，首尾呼应。
常用引言段的字句：
A proverb says:"..."
As the proverb says...
Generally speaking,...
It goes without saying that...
It is (quite) clear that ...because...
It is often said that...
Many people often ask this question:"...?"
常用扩展段的字句:
Everybody knows that ...
It can be easily proved that...
It is ture that ...
No one can deny that ...
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is ...
The chief reason why ...
We must recognize that ...
There is no doubt that ...
I am of the opinion that ...
This can be expressed as follows...
To take ... for an examle, ...
Therefore we should realize that ...
We have reasons to believe that ...
(Now that) we know that ...
What is more serious is that ...
Another special consideration in this cause is that ...
Besides, we should not neglect that ...
But it is a pity that ...
But the problem is not so simple .Therefore, ...
Others may find this to be true ,but i do not .I believe that ...
On the other hand, ...
Perhaps you'll question why...
Ther is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to ...
Though we are in basic agreement with ...
What seems to be the trouble is ...
Yet difference will be found ,that's why i feel that ...
So long as you regard this as reasonable, you may ...
常用结尾段的字句:
From this point of view, ...
In a word, ...
In conclusion, ...
On account of this we can find that ...
The result is dependent on ...
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information:
Thus ,this is the reason why we must ...
To sum up,...
信件：
由于时间或地点原因，要求变更课程
作为饭店的一名员工为饭店的发展提一点建议
学习结束，询问定房间搞庆祝活动
向房东抱怨设施或服务，要求换房
银行寄来的单据有错，写信给银行要求更改
租车旅游，途中出了故障，汽车租赁公司请你写证明信给保险公司，说明故障现象
议论文：
某大学收到一大笔捐赠，是用与建计算机中心还是建体育馆？谈谈你的看法。
一个国家和城市的环境保护，应当由个人和团体及政府一道负责。你赞不赞同？
贫穷落后的国家年年总是收到大量的捐助，这样对世界各国是否合理？
年青人都应该服兵役。你认为对吗？
从小应给孩子零用钱以培养他们的金钱意识。你怎么看？
年青人外出工作学习，远离父母，有何利弊？
报刊杂志常报道名人隐私，你怎么看？
20岁的年青人就离家参加工作。意义何在？
1999年试题：
信件：
将要申请某大学，写信询问学校情况，入学要求，费用和住房情况。
你的朋友要来，因故你不能准时接他，写信说明原因，以及在何处等。
自己对历史感兴趣，但学计算机容易找工作，询问学校的建议。
由于意外你受伤住院，出院后写信给所有曾看望你的朋友致谢。
你正在一俱乐部工作，你的哥哥下月由美国来看你，写信邀请他并介绍俱乐部的情况。
向有关部门抱怨公寓的公共设施损坏却无人修理。
给学校写信，介绍自己的兴趣爱好，要求参加学校的俱乐部。
暑假回家未和室友道别，写信说明原因，陈述在校园最后一天的安排，并邀请他在方便时到你家来玩。
要组织去剑桥大学参观，写信给对方，协商租用对方的图书馆。
你有体育方面的专长，询问学校是否有这方面的俱乐部。
议论文：
讨论体育锻炼对身体健康，社会生活，社会发展同等重要。
现代科技给孩子带来的不利影响（限制计算机的推广）。
对于现代社会中不同工作有不同假期，你怎么看？
人们在探险中会遇到一些危险，这时是应救助他们，还是让他们自己脱离危险？
政府有一部分资金，投入到公共设施建设，你认为合理吗？
随着社会发展，社会饮食发生了变化，你认为有利还是有弊？
父母和老师应对孩子的教育负同等责任。
在校学生是否应该穿校服？
饲养宠物对个人和社会有何利弊。
最新试题：
写信给报社记者，抱怨附近的机场影响居民生活。
一个小偷潜入一家盗窃，主人开枪打死了他，你认为在你的国家会怎样？
饲养宠物对个人和社会有何利弊。
现代家庭不再象过去那样有凝聚力，为什么？怎么办？
范文一：
Although most of people hold that women are playing the same role in the society as men, it's rather common that most high level jobs are taken by men. As for this phenomenon, some people suggest that the government encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women. But others oppose to this suggestion strongly. As I see it, both sides have their own merits.
On the one hand, only persons with rich experiences, plenty of knowledge and strong bodies are qualified for high level jobs. It's not of importance that whether they are men or women. Thus enterprises and countries can develop rapidly and smoothly. To reserve some high positions for women seems to be a pity. It couldn't fundamentally resolve the problem of inequality between male and female. Analyzing the phenomenon, we can find the real reason is the consciousness of sexual discrimination lying deeply in people's hearts. Women have lower social status, less salary, fewer opportunities in education, job and so on. All of these resulted in a shortage of many highly competent women to compete for high positions.
On the other hand, due to historical reasons and biological characters, women are to some extent restricted to put all their energy into working. So the encouragement of the government to give some priority to women is reasonable and acceptable. It can increase women's employment opportunities, enhance their confidence and really embody the social equality. In general, the key to radically realize the equality between men and women lies in giving equal chances in all rounds to women, not just a few of high level jobs.
范文二：
Death penalty/sentence, also known as the capital punishment, has existed in human society for hundreds of, or maybe thousands of years. When a member of the society has committed a severe crime that terminated another individuals life or inflicting disabling sufferings or pains on others, this individual's life is also physically terminated. Different opinions have existed on the two sides of this controversial issue. Some think executing highly evil and dangerous animals is one of the best ways to curb the crime rate, while others argue it actually does very little to discourage would-be criminals from committing a life-threatening crime in the future. As I see it, under certain circumstances, death penalty is still quite necessary and effective, especially in countries like China.
First of all, the fundamental purpose in implementing death penalty is to hinder people from committing severe crime, not to kill people. We can imagine that when more people are discouraged from committing life-threatening crimes, more lives can actually be saved. What's also true is that every individual has his basic rights for living. Once this right is deprived, justice needs to be done in some form. It goes without saying that we don't need to be too humane to those who are not humane to others at al. At the same time, our society can not afford to keep these highly dangerous criminals alive in prisons.
Secondly, different countries have different situations and what may be acceptable in Western countries such as the United States might not be acceptable here in China. As a matter of fact, many people have attributed the prevalence of high crime rate to the lenient laws to the criminals. But in China, which is the most populous nation, penalizing the most dangerous criminals by inflicting dealth sentence is rather justifiable. At least it is so in my eyes.
To conclude, there's no perfect solution to the eradication of severe crime. We have to adapt these measures to the real situation of the concerned country/
范文三：
Just as other kinds of art, music has become an in indispensable part of human culture. It brings us with nutritious spiritual foods, enriches our leisure life. It's so common that the tastes of individuals for music differ noticeably. Some people prefer classic music, but others like pop music much. In my opinion, both of them have their own characters.
Classic music, which is accepted by most mid-aged and old people, usually has a slow rhythm and a pleasant melody, such as opera and symphony. It's good at expressing strong feelings and showing great scenes. Listening to the sound that seems to be from the outer space, you may see several white swans flying over the "swan lake" surrounded by all kinds of flowers and grass. What an elegant picture it is! I'm sure you will soon be refreshed from a day's hard work and relax.
Compared with the former, such pop music as jazz, rock is more popular among young people who pursue a kind of music that is accordance with the trend of modern society. It's quick rhythmically and reflects the social reality. Via pop music the young generation directly expressed their discontent and disappointment to the society, their desire for love and friendship, their ambition for success. Enjoying pop music is also a way to relax oneself from tight life.
In general, we can't point out which one of two kinds, classic music and pop music, is better .The more important thing is both of them can provide us with pleasure an enjoyment.
范文四：
Dear sir:
I have heard of that to go shopping in your shop is enjoyable and satisfactory. What I experienced last week proved it.
This summer is extremely hot that I decided to buy a air conditioner for my self. When being faced with so many kinds of air conditioners, I find it so hard to make a decision which one is suitable to me. Justly a young man of your shop came over with a nametag read zx117. He began to introduce the prices and qualities of each type to me and gave me some recommendations. After I made my mind to get a National split air conditioner, he carefully arranged the time and way of delivery. When he learned that I'm single and live alone, he offered to install the appliance free for me in his spare time. The next day he really came and finished the installation without charging me with a little.
I am so moved by his kindness and conducts and no longer doubt why your shop can build a high reputation. I suggest he be praised and given a promotion. If I'm to buy something I need, the first place I want to go to must be your shop.
Sincerely
There is a Chinese saying: "the person who is content with what he has is always happy." A debate about it has lasted for a long time. Some people support it strongly, but the others argue that such a person lacks an ambition and an interest to make a bright future. As I know it, I prefer the latter.
Firstly, people's desire for something new or different is the drive power of the development of society. The whole history of human society is also a history of creation and discovery of something new. Not being satisfied with the light of candle, Edison invented the electric bulb. The emerge of airplane resulted from the dream of brothers latter to fly like a bird. The need for convenient communication contributed to the invention of telephone. If people had lost interest in the future and some changes, we would have still lived a primitive life with animals in the forest.
Secondly, always to challenge oneself and to be eager to improve the current situation are also extremely important to a person or an enterprise. When an enterprise is satisfied with what it has achieved, it's bound to be lost in the market competition. If a person didn't improve his own quality, he would not keep the pace of the modern society.
In general, to want something new or different is human being's instinct and the nature's gift. Without it, we may lose ideal, fancy, drive and creativity. Not to mention our society will be able to develop continually.
范文六：
Energy crisis, one of the most serious problems, which Mankind will be faced with in the new millennium, causes more and more concerns. Someone think that among all the alternative energies, nuclear power should be the most suitable. But others argue that the safety of making use of nuclear power is still far from satisfaction. As I see it, both opinions have their own merits.
As we known, nuclear reaction can release great energy in a small instant. According to this theory, nuclear power station can provide us with sufficient and cheap electricity. What's more, this way of generation may be the most efficient in all ways we have mastered so far. Because one kilogram uranium, the main material of nuclear power station, can produce thousands of times as much as what one kilogram coal or oil can generate. Also compared with traditional fuel - coal, gas or oil, uranium is so adequate on the earth that we would not encounter the problem of shortage of fuel in many centuries.
However, a coin has two sides. Although during the generation in nuclear power station no smoke or harmful gas is given off, the radioactive rubbish remains the biggest problem presented in front of nuclear experts. Usually this rubbish sealed in metal containers is buried deeply in the earth where people seldom come. The radioactivity of rubbish still costs thousands of years or even longer to be reduced to the harmless level. Nobody is sure how much it will damage the environment surrounding it. The safety of generation procedure is also a big problem. Any careless may result in such a terrible consequence as the issue of.
In general, the technology of nuclear power still has much to be improved. With the development of science and technology, I'm sure the day of safe utilization of nuclear power is coming soon.
Dear Sir:
As your neighbor, I really do not want to disturb your prosperous business of the nightclub, however, your club disturbs me so greatly that I have to say something.
Since your club was put into operation last month, I have hardly had a good sleep. The blasting noise given out from your club from evening to early morning makes it impossible for my family to do anything at night. The sound of TV program is overwhelmed and my son can't concentrate on his homework, not to mention that we can fall into sleep quickly. Even if I have closed the windows and managed to get asleep, the noise in deep night always wakes me up from dreams. Lack of sleep has seriously affected our normal work and study.
Here, I demand that some urgent measures, including reducing the running time and lowering the noise to an acceptable level, be taken. I will keep the right to ask police for assistance, because I don't want to waste any more time on this issue, even the time I spent on the letter of complaint.
Yours sincerely,
Eric lee
As a way of entertainment, movie has become an indispensable part our daily life. Regarding movie as their favorite hobby, film fans expect every film to bring them wonderful spiritual enjoyment. However, others complain that movies should be responsible for some social problems, such as violent crime, drug abuse, in my opinion, compared with it's side-effect, the contribution of movies to our society is extremely great.
On one hand, good movies can provide us with recreation, broaden our horizon and enrich our knowledge. In comparison, movies have much more powerful effects than other art means, such as literature and music. After a day's hard work, a laughter brought by a comic movie will soon refresh you. And we wouldn't be able to refrain our tears when immersed in a tragic film. What's more, a document film vividly presents historical affairs in front of us and Disney's cartoons give children endless pleasure. The annual ceremony of Academy Award in Hollywood is watched by a total of billions of audience. Not to mention that the film generates numerous tax revenue to the government yearly.
On the other hand, recently there is also a worrying trend on the screen, which many people have noticed. For the sake of earning profits, a lot of film companies abandon their sense of social responsibility. So more and more pictures full of sex or drugs, violence appear before us, which result in the increase of crime rate, degrade of morality. This is especially true for the teenagers, because they are too young to be wise to make a distinction between the right and the wrong, are subject to the influence of movies and would tend to imitate what they see from the movies.
Although movie has some negative effects, we can't deny the importance of movie. I suggest that in order to let movies serve us better, some strict censorship measure should be introduced to control the production of movies and the film industry should pay attention to both commercial value and social value. I'm sure that tomorrow's movies will greatly improved.
范文九:
A much debated issue these days is whether citizens should take out private health insurance or not. The cost of providing free medical care for both the wealthy and the poor is far too great for any government, and most people agree that if you can pay for insurance, you should. In this essay, I will argue that all who can afford it should be insured, but free medical care must be made available for those too poor to do so.
The most important reason for encouraging people to take out private health insurance is the cost to the government of health care. Free health cover for people who are able to pay for it is a waste of public money. Of course, people will only pay health insurance premiums if they know that they are getting good value for their money. If they get sick, they should pay very little or nothing at all. In addition, the privately insured are entitled to special benefits such as having the choice of their own doctors, and being able to avoid long waiting lists for hospital beds.
On the other hand, those who really cannot afford to pay private insurance premiums, which are often very high, are still entitled as citizens to the best medical care available - they cannot be expected to pay their own medical bills. However, if they are working, they should still pay a percentage of their wage (say 1 to 2%) as a tax which pays towards the cost of providing free medical services.
In conclusion, most people should privately insure their health, but it is unreasonable to suppose that all citizens can afford it. Therefore, a safety net in the form of a basic free health care system must exist for the very poor and the unemployed.
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题型分析及技巧 stage1 问候 stage2 背景
stage3 角色卡 stage4 未来打算 stage5 道别
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我认为CUE CARD根本就不用准备。easy part.口语是要准备你要讲的体裁（关于你自己的）听力熟悉题型外,要听new concept 4,that is enough.
新东方的听力最大的缺点就是所有短文都是由相同的几个人来读的，听到最后就变得非常容易了，与实际考试比起来，是比较简单的。
写作和口语与新东方的练习近似；加强听力，新东方的听力内容和题型都太简单了，与今年的考题完全不同．切莫上当
简单的口语教程如“走遍美国”自己练，好一些参加好的口语强化班，现在许多都是外教授课多找机会练习。冰冻三尺非一日之寒，想在短时间练好口语不是很容易的事，勤练习是根本。
口语测试分四部分，首先握手互致问候，作自我介绍。此时可调节气氛放松心情。接着会谈及一些背景问题，主要是家庭，教育，工作等。要从容不迫，尽量把话题引向你准备充分的论题。由于时间有限，所以你说的越多，考官的问话机会就越少。当然也不要强抢话题，要自然有逻辑性地表达观点，否则适得其反。然后考官会给你一张卡片，上面会假定一个场景并要求你通过提问获得一些具体的信息。这一部分平时要多练习，掌握多样的问句类型，问题的次序和衔接要根据考官的回答及时调整。最后你会被问及未来打算，通常会出现很难回答的问题，这是你提高分数的关键，不过没答出也别在意。最后和考官道别。决窍就是放松，你会发现你有超水平发挥，口语是最易拿分的，当然拿高分也不容易。
Hello, please come in and take a seat.
How are you today?
Can I see your passport please? ... and your CV?
Hello.
Nice to meet you.
Good morning/afternoon.
Glad to meet you.
My name is ***.
May i introduce myself?
How do you do?
How are you?
How are you doing?
Pleased to meet you.
What shall I call you?
what's your name?
Does your name have a special meaning?
where were you born?
where are you from? Where do you come from?Where is that exactly?
when did you come to ***?
why did you choose to live in ***?
what's the famous thing in your hometown?
Could you tell me something about your hometown?
what is the climate in your home town?
what do you do for a living?/what's your job?
Do you like your job?
what's your favorite food?
Do you have any hobbies?
what do you do in your spare time?
What do like doing on the weekend?
I'm going to ask you to talk about a particular topic - let's see - er, ... sport and fitness.
What do you do to keep fit? How often do you play a sport?
Do you consider yourself to be healthy? Why?
Is there anything you could do to increase your fitness level that you don't do at present?
Tell me about sport in your country. What kinds of sport are most popular? Why?
How important is it that sport be included in the secondary school curriculum? Should team sports be compulsory at school?
If you had the chance to take up a new sport, which would you choose? Why?
what kind of music do you like best?
Could you tell me something about your family?And, your family? Do they support you in your decision?
Tell me a little about your family. What does your family like doing on the weekend?
Are you married? Have you any children?
When did you get married? Could you describe something about your wedding?
Can you tell me a little about your educational background? Did you like school?
which university did you graduate from?
what's your major?
What were your favourite subjects? Why? So, what do you intend to study now? What is it that interests you about that?
Do you still keep in touch with your classmates?
Do you miss your campus life?
what impessed you most in your university life?
what are the main festivals in your hometown/country?
Are there any special activities during the festival?
The examiner has just booked a holiday at the travel agent.Find out some information about the holiday.
To find about : the destination
the form of transport
the length of the holiday
the dates of the holiday
the number of the people going
the reason for the holiday
Your computer is broken.Your examiner works in a computer shop.He/She has looked at the computer and is ready to tell you about the problem.
To find about : the problem
the possible cause of the problem
the time needed for repairs
parts that need to be ordered
the cost of repairs
the guarantee
You are a friend of the interviewer.The interviewer will show you a photograph and a letter.You must ask as much as you can about the letter and photograph.
To find about : sender
wher from
when
identity of persons in photo
event
interviewer's feelings
The Student Union at your university is organizing a skiing trip.You are interested in going on the trip.Ask the interviewerquestions to get as mush as you can about it
To find about : cost
accommodation
transport
food
location
facilities
ski equipment
numbers going on trip
By ask the interviewer ,find out as much as you can about the bookshop discount card.
To find about : wher it can be used
where it can be obtained
validity
cost
restrictions
if you lose the card
uses
Image you are a patient entering hospital.Speak to the nurse and find out as much as possible about hospital rules
To find about : things to bring with you
meal times
visiters
telephone calls
times of getting up/going to bed
entertainment(books,radio,TV)
smoking
You are interested in renting a car for a few days.Your examiner is in charge of a car rental agency.Find some about renting a car.
To find about : the cost per day
the cost per kilometer
insurance
the type of driving licence required
the type of car available
the pick-up point for the car
You have just arrived in London for the first time.You go to a Tourist Information Center.Your interviewer is working at the information desk in the Center.Ask him/her as many questions as possible.
To find about : hotel accommodation
price of accommodation
distance from the city center
city sights
entertainment facilities
transport
The examiner has just seen an accident.Find out some information about what happened.
To find about : the time of accident
what the examiner was doing
the accident itself
where the accident took place
the number of people injured
the cause of the accident
You have been in the university for a few days and you go to the Campus Information Office to find out about the student welfare services available.
To find about : health care
accommdation
English language class
insurance
travel
Student Union Welfare Office
student tutors/counsellors
The interviewer has visitors from overseas.Find out some information about them.
To find about : who they are
where they are from
how they become friends
the length of their stay
their plans for daytime and evening activities
You are a new student at university. You wish to join the university Sports Centre because you want to get fit. The interviewer is a Student Union Representative who has information about the facilities available on campus. Find out as much as you can about how to become a member of the Sports Centre.
To find about : facilities available
swimming pool costs
aerobics classes
opening and closing times
massage and sauna
parking
joining fees
hire of equipment
rules and regulations
Thank you. Now I'd like you to give me back the card, and tell me in more detail about your future plans. What do you intend to do after this examination?
Have you made any enquiries about courses that offer you what you want? Is it easy to succeed in this particular field of work?
What are the problems you might encounter? Can you be a little more specific?
What kind of person do you have to be to succeed in this line of work? What kind of qualities do you need to possess? Why?
What might you do if you had to pursue another career?
Do you have any personal goals in life other than those pertaining to your career?
Do you intend to travel or live for a time overseas, for example?
Are you the kind of person for whom financial success is very important?
what about your future plan?
Do you think your English is good enough to live in Canada?
what will you do if you can't find a job in Canada?
what's your biggest problem in emmigrating to Canada? How do you overcome the problems?
Do you know the biggest difference between Chinese culture and British culture?
why do you choose Canada as your destination?
what's the most attractive thing of Canada for you?
what do you want to study in Canada?
where are you going to study in? Why?
Do you think going abroad will benefit your career?
When are you going to return China?
what do you plan to do when you come back to China?
How long do you think you may need to get used to the new life in Canada?
Does your wife/husband surpport your plan?
If you were refused to emmigrate to Canada,what are you going to do?
Good bye.
Bye bye.
I am glad to talk with you.
Thank you for your time/the talk.
See you later.
It's really nice to know you.
I appreciate the time you gave me.
Very good. That just about brings us to the end of the interview.
Is there anything else you might like to tell me about? Right, then. Goodbye, and thank you for sharing your time with me.
I wish you all the best.
