A FR vir cktis a log conn between 2 DTE’s across a pkt switched net (PSN) and is identified by DLCI.

DLCI (Data Link Conn ID-given by svce provider): A number that Identifies a logical conn between CPE & FR switch.

LMI Local Mngmt Interface: A signaling std betwn CPE & FR switch. Gives current DLCI values, Global/Local significance of DLCI values, status of VCs. LMI-3 types, Cisco(default), Ansi & Q.933a,(since IOS 11.2 LMIs auto sense)

Config FR: specify FR as encaps on Serial Int. Cisco (def, cisco-cisco) IETF (Inet engg task force, cisco-non cisco)

If# encap frame-relay-fr cisco enabled, # encap frame-relay IETF: fr IETF enabled,

config LMI: if# frame-relay lmi-type [ansi/cisco/q933i], (for IOS before 11.2)

config DLCI: at int s0: # frame-relay interface-dlci 16 : (16-1007) ; # sh int s0?/span>sh dlci, lmi tafic,fr line speed,no dlci no.

Enab broadcast: # frame-relay interface-dlci 16 broadcast- allows routing updates only if broad is enabled.

Sub Interfaces: multi VCs on single serial int for diff proto. Config sub int: # int s0.16 [p-p / multi point]. (0-4292967295),

point-point: one sub int each to each rem router, do not forw broad, rout updates, each pr of routers are in its own subnet.

multi point: one sub int to multi rem router, forw broad, updates it recvs, all routers in one subnet & IP routing.

Mapping Frame Relay: IP add of both end devices on a VC must be mapped to their DLCIs. Called FR map table

1.use frame relay map, config: # int s0.16, # encap frame-relay ietf, # no inverse-arp, # ip add 172.16.30.1 255.255.255.0, # frame-relay map ip 172.16.30.17 30, # fr map ip 172.16.30.19 50 broad, # fr map ip 172.16.30.18 40 cisco broad, 30/40/50 dlci nos, VCs 1,2 ietf encap, 3 cisco encap, FR map : only way to mix ietf & cisco encap

2. use Inv ARP: # int s0.16, # encap frame-relay ietf, # ip add x.x.x.x x.x.x.x (Inv ARP on def, does dynamic mapping)

Monitoring Frame Relay: many ways to check status of int & pvc’s, # sh frame pvc- sh all configured dlci nos + pvc stat,

R# sh frame-relay [ip/lmi/map/pvc/route/traffic]-shows fr ip stast / lmi stat / fr map table / each pvc, dlci / route / proto stat

R# sh int s0-sh lmi traffic, line speed, dlci, lmi info, no dlci no, R# debug frame-relay lmi- BrainDump.

PPP: layer 2+3 proto can be used over Asynch / Synch serial, ISDN media. uses LCP (Link Control Proto) to build, config, maintain & termte data link conns. provides Authentication PAP, CHAP and Data compression. Thro? NCP (Network control proto) it encaps multi proto IP, IPX, AppleTalk, DECnet, OSI/CLNS and transparent bridging.

Config PPP Encap: # config t, # int s0, # encapsulation ppp, # ppp auth chap, # sh int s0- shows ppp config.

# debug ppp authentication: shows CHAP/PAP auth info Exge sequence as it occurs. Live.

Config PPP password: # username xxxx password xxxx- user name/ p.w expected from remote router.

ISDN : a set of protos carries a group of Digital svcs that simultaneously convey Data, Text, Voice, Music, Graphics & Video to end users and it is designed to achieve this over the existing tel line. ISDN works in phys, DLL & Net layers.

Devices connecting to ISDN net are known as Terminals. TE1 Term Eqpt type 1 understand ISDN stds, TE2 predate ISDN stds, use TE2 thro Term Adapter (TA). To access ISDN with Cisco router- need Network Termination 1(NT1) or ISDN modem. If router has BRI Int.- can directly access ISDN. Can access from serial int thro a Term Adaptor (TA), Router with BRI int= TE1(Terml end-point1), R that require TA= TE2 (Terml end point 2).

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